TAX AUDIT

•    TAX AUDIT
CONTEMPORARY AUDITING

•    DR SHASHI AGGARWAL

•    TAX AUDIT

1.       EVALUATING WHETHER AN INDIVIDUAL OR COMPANY HAS ACCURATELY FILED THE INCOME TAX RETURNS OF AN ASSESSMENT YEAR.

2.       AN EXTERNAL AGENCY IS MANDATED TO ASSESS RETURN FILED FROM INCOME,DEDUCTIONS AND EXPENDITURES AND OTHER RULES AS MENTIONED BY THE INCOME TAX ACT 1961

REVISION OF BUSINESS LAW 2019 PART 1

REVISION SERIES OF AUDITNG FOR 2019 PART 1

COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 1

ALL THE BEST FOR EXAM

REVISION SERIES FOR DIRECT TAX LAW 2019 PART 1

REVISION SERIES FOR COMPANY LAW FOR 2019 1

·         REVISION SERIES FOR COMPANY LAW  FOR 2019 1

·         SHORT QUESTIONS

• CORPORATE LEGAL FRAMEWORK
• DR. SAHSHI AGGARWAL

•     MEANING OF COMPANY

•     THE WORD COMPANY HAS NO STRICT OR TECHNICAL OR LEGAL MEANING

•     A COMPANY IN THE NORMAL SENSE MEANS AN ASSOCIATION OF PERSONS UNITED FOR A COMMON OBJECT

•     LORD JUSTICE LINDLEY :

1.        A COMPANY IS AN ASSOCIATION OF MANY PERSONS

2.       WHO CONTRIBUTED MONEY OR MONEY’S WORTH

3.       TO A COMMON STOCK

4.       EMPLOYED FOR A COMMON PURPOSE AND WHO SHARES THE PROFIT OR LOSS

5.       THE COMMON STOCK SO CONTRIBUTED IS DENOTED IN MONEY AND ITS CAPITAL OF THE COMPANY

6.       THE PERSON WHO CONTRIBUTE IT TO WHOM IT BELONGS ARE MEMBERS

7.       THE PROPORTION OF CAPITAL TO WHICH EACH MEMBER IS ENTITLED IS HIS SHARE

8.       SHARES ARE ALWAYS TRANSFERABLE ALTHOUGH THE RIGHT TO TRANSFER IS OFTEN MORE OR LESS RESTRICTED

REVISION OF BUSINESS LAW SERIES LAW OF CONTRACTS FOR 2019 1

• REVISION OF BUSINESS LAW SERIES 1(2019)
  SHORT QUESTIONS
  LAW OF CONTRACT

• DR. SHASHI AGGARWAL
• MEANING OF CONTRACT
• A CONTRACT IS AN AGREEMENT TO DO OR NOT TO DO AN ACT. IT IS LEGALLY BINDING AGREEMENT
• SALMOND SAYS ,” CONTRACT IS AN AGREEMENT CREATING AND DEFINING OBLIGATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.
• FREDREICK POLLOCK SAYS,” EVERY AGREEMENT AND PROMISE ENFORCEABLE AT LAW IS A CONTRACT
• TWO ELEMENTS :

1. AN AGREEMENT : SEC 2(e) EVERY PROMISE OR EVERY SET OF PROMISES FORMING THE CONSIDERATION FOR EACH OTHER. AGREEMENT INVOLVES OFFER AND ACCEPTANCE OF THE SAME BY THE OTHER PARTY.
2. AN ENFORCEABILITY OF LAW :MUST GIVE RISE TO LEGAL OBLIGATION.

COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 1

• COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 1
  AUDITING
  CONTEMPORARY AUDITING
  
  
• DR SHASHI AGAGRWAL
• INTRODUCTION

• FIRST TIME INTRODUCED IN 1965 IN INDIA WHEN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ADDED CLAUSE d  TO SECTION 209 AND 233 OF THE COMPANIES ACT
• THE NEED :
• FOR MAINTENANCE AND PROPER USE OF SCIENTIFIC COST RECORD WHICH ARE ENGAGED IN THE MANUFACTURING AND ALLIED ACTIVITIES
• EFFECTIVE MEANS OF CONTROL IN THE HANDS OF THE MGMT
• CHECK ON BEHALF OF THE SHAREHOLDERS OF THE COMPANY/CONSUMER/GOVERNMENT

VESTIBULE TRAINING METHOD