MEANING AND FEATURES OF JOINT STOCK COMPANY

GDR VS ADR

JOINT STOCK COMPANY: MEANING AND FEATURES

·         JOINT STOCK COMPANY

·         COMPANY LAW

·         BUSINESS ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

·         BUSINESS STUDIES PLUS ONE

·         INTRODUCTION

1.      JOINT STOCK COMPANY WAS STARTED FIRST ITALY IN 13 TH CENTURY

2.       DURING 17 TH AND 18 TH CENTURIES,JOINT STOCK COMPANIES WERE FORMED IN ENGLAND UNDER THE ROYAL CHARTER OR ACTS OF PARLIAMENT

3.       THE SPECULATIVE BUSINESS OF THE COMPANIES LED TO THE PASSAGE OF BUBBLES ACT OF 1720 WHEREBY PROMOTION OF COMPANIES WAS DECLARED ILLEGAL BY ENGLAND ‘S PARLIAMENT

4.       IN 1844 THE JOINT STOCK COMPANY ACT WAS PASSED IN 1844 AND LIMITED LIABILITY WAS GRANTED ONLY IN 1855

EMERGING TRENDS IN ADVERTISING/ON LINE ADVERTISING

ADVERTISING AGENCY

FINANCIAL LEASE VS OPERATING LEASE

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION

MEANING AND OPERATIONS OF MUTUAL FUNDS

PUBLIC RELATIONS: MEANING,FUNCTIONS AND TOOLS

PUBLIC RELATIONS : MEANING,TOOLS,COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS

·         PUBLIC RELATIONS
ADVERTISING AND SALES MANAGEMENT

·         DR SHASHI AGGARWAL

·         MEANING OF PUBLIC RELATION

1.     THE TERM PUBLIC RELATIONS IS AN EXPRESSION OF PUBLIC OPINION

2.     ART AND SCIENCE OF DEVELOPING RECIPROCAL UNDERSTANDING AND GOODWILL

3.     IT IS THAT OPERATING PHILOSOPHY BY WHICH MANAGEMENT SETS UP POLICIES DESIGNED T SERVE BOTH IN THE COMPANY AND PUBLIC’S INTEREST

4.     BASIS OF COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES WHICH MGMT EMPLOYEES TO ACHIEVE GOOD RELATIONS WITH THE PUBLIC AND THESE TECHNIQUES INCLUDE PUBLICITY,PROMOTION,EXPLOITATION AND ADVERTISING

·         IN BROADER TERMS,” PUBLIC RELATIONS IS TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN AN ORGANIZATION AND ITS PUBLIC TO COMMUNICATE A COMPANY’S VIEWS,OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSE WHILE AT THE SAME TIME MONITORING FEEDBACK AND CORRECTING THE PUBLIC ATTITUDES AND REACTIONS

ADVERTISING AGENCIES : MEANING,ROLE AND FUNCTIONS

• ADVERTISING AGENCIES : MEANING,ROLE AND FUNCTIONS

• MEANING OF ADVERTISING AGENCY
• CORE OF ADVERTISING PROFESSION AND INDUSTRY
• IS AN INTERMEDIARY BETWEEN ADVERTISERS AND THE MEDIA OWNERS TO DESIGN AND PLAN THE AD EFFECTIVELY

DATA MART VS DATA WAREHOUSING

DATA WAREHOUSING BUSINESS ANALYTICS

DATA WAREHOUSING

• DATA WAREHOUSING

• DATA WAREHOUSE
• PROCESS FOR COLLECTING AND MANAGING DATA FROM VARIED SOURCES TO PROVIDE MEANINGFUL BUSINESS INSIGHTS.
• A DATA WAREHOUSE IS TYPICALLY USED TO CONNECT AND ANALYZE BUSINESS DATA FROM HETEROGENEOUS SOURCES

MEANING AND APPLICATION OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS

• BUSINESS ANALYTICS
  MEANING
  TYPES
  APPLICATION
  CHALLENGES
• MEANING OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS
• REFERS TO ALL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES USED BY THE ORGANIZATION TO MEASURE THE PERFORMANCE
• USE OF STATISTICAL METHODS
• CAN ALSO BE USED FOR EVALUATING THE ORGANIZATION
• IT IDENTIFIES THE WEAKNESSES IN EXISTING PROCESSES AND HELP IN HIGHLIGHTING THE MEANINGFUL DATA THAT  IS HELPFUL IN MAKING THE ORGANIZATION FOR FUTURE AND FACING CHALLENGES

LIFE INSURANCE IN HINDI

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RIGHT OF LIEN AND RIGHT OF STOPPAGE IN HINDI

SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP IN HINDI LECTURE 1

SHORT QUESTION ON MICRO ECONOMICS FOR 2019 PART 2

HIRE PURCHASE

• HIRE PURCHASE PART ONE
• BUSINESS LAW/FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKET
• DR. SHASHI AGGARWAL
• HIRE PURCHASE ACT 1972

1. WHOLE OF INDIA EXCEPT THE STATE F JAMMU AND KASHMIR
2. THE BUYER ACQUIRES THE POSSESSION OF THE GOODS IMMEDIATELY
3. AGREES TO PAY THE TOTAL HIRE PURCHASE IN INSTALMENTS
4. EACH INSTALMENT IS TREATED AS HIRE CHARGE
5. UN TILL THE PAYMENT OF THE LAST INSTALMENT WHEN OWNERSHIP OF THE GOODS PASSES THROUGH SELLER TO BUYER

RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF FINDER OF LOST GOODS

• RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF FINDER OF LOST GOODS
• BUSINESS LAW
• BY DR SHASHI AGGARWAL
• BAILMENT

 FINDER OF GOODS

• A PERSON WHO FINDS THE GOODS BELONGING TO SOME OTHER PERSON AND TAKES THEM IN POSSESSION IS KNOWN AS FINDER OF GOODS
• ONCE A PERSON TAKES IN HIS POSSESSION THE GOODS FOUND HE BECOMES THE BAILEE OF

SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP

• SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP
• BUSINESS ORGANIZATION AND MGMT( BUSINESS STUDY)
• CS /CA FOUNDATION
• BY DR. SHASHI AGGARWAL
• MEANING

1. A SOLE TRADER IS A PERSON WHO SET UP BUSINESS WITH HIS OWN RESOURCES, MANAGES THE BUSINESS HIMSELF BY EMPLOYING PERSONS FOR HIS HELP AND ALONE BEARS ALL  THE GAINS AND RISKS OF BUSINESS.
2. MUST BE A PERSON TO ENTER INTO CONTRACT. THE BUSINESS TO BE CARRIED ON SHOULD BE ALLOWED BY LAW

SHORT QUESTIONS ON MICRO ECONOMICS FOR 2019

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP (LLP)AND PARTNERSHIP FIRM

LIFE INSURANCE

• LIFE INSURANCE
  INSURANCE
• SHASHI AGGARWAL ECONOMICS AND LAWS CLASSES
• INTRODUCTION

1. THE CONTRACT OF LIFE INSURANCE ARE GOVERNED BY THE INSURANCE ACT 1938 AND LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATIONS ACT 1956
2. WAS NATIONALIZED IN 1956

RIGHT OF LIEN VS RIGHT OF STOPPAGE IN TRANSIT

• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RIGHT OF LIEN AND RIGHT OF STOPPAGE
• SALE OF GOODS ACT 1930
• SHASHI AGGARWAL ECONOMICS AND LAW CLASSES

• RIGHT OF UNPAID SELLER AGAINST THE GOODS
• RIGHT OF LIEN (46(1)(a),47 to 49

1. LIEN IS THE RIGHT TO RETAIN POSSESSION OF GOODS UNTIL THE PAYMENT OF PRICE TO THE UNPAID SELLER OF THE GOODS WHO HAS POSSESSION OF THEM :
2. WHERE THE GOODS HAVE BEEN SOLD WITHOUT ANY STIPULATION TO CREDIT
3. BUT THE TERMS OF CREDIT HAS EXPIRED
4. WHERE THE BUYER BECOMES INSOLVENT

SHORT QUESTIONS ON MICRO/BUSINESS ECONOMICS FOR 2019

SHORT QUESTIONS ON MICRO ECONOMICS/BUSINESS ECONOMICS

DR. SHASHI AGAGRWAL

MEANING OF DEMAND

IN ORDINARY LANGUAGE THE TERM NEED,DESIRE,WANT AND DEMAND ARE USED IN THE SAME SENSE

BUT IN ECONOMICS ALL THESE TERMS HAVE DIFFERENT MEANING

DESIRE : A DESIRE FOR ANYTHING IS NOT THE DEMAND FOR IT. DEMAND MEANS A CONSCIOUS LONGING FOR A THING

ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS ( TECHNIQUES OF OD)

EFFECT OF PUBLIC FINANCE

•EFFECT OF PUBLIC DEBT
PUBLIC FINANCE
DR SHASHI AGAGRWAL

•     EFFECT OF PUBLIC DEBT

•     PUBLIC BORROWING INVOLVES TRANSFER OF PURCHASING POWER FROM INDIVIDUAL TO GOVERNMENT AND A SUBSEQUENT RE TRANSFER OF THE SAME TO INDIVIDUALS FROM THE GOVERNMENT

•     PUBLIC DEBT IN ONE SENSE  THE REVENUE EFFECT AND IN ANOTHER HAS THE EXPENDITURE EFFECT

SENSTIVITY ANALYSIS

OD MODELS ( ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT MODELS)

MEANING OF UNPAID SELLER

ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT

SHORT QUESTIONS ON NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT ACT BUSINESS LAW

THEORY X AND THEORY Y OF MOTIVATION

SHORT QUESTIONS ON LAW OF NEGOTIABLE INSTURMENTS ACT 1881 FOR 2019

• SHORT QUESTIONS
  LAW OF NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT
• SHASHI AGGARWAL ECONOMICS AND LAW CLASSES

• MEANING OF NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS

1. THE LAW RELATING TO NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT IN INDIA IS CONTAINED IN THE NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT ACT 1881
2. THE TERM NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT MEANS A DOCUMENT TRANSFERABLE BY DELIVER,
3. ACCORDING TO SECTION 13(1) OF THE NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT
4. A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT MEANS A PROMISSORY NOTE,BILL OF EXCHANGE OR CHEQUE PAYABLE EITHER TO ORDER OR TO THE BEARER
5. WE CAN SAY A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT IS ONE WHICH WHEN TRANSFERRED BY DELIVER OR ENDORSEMENT AND DELIVERY PASSES TO THE TRANSFEREE A GOOD TITLE TO PAYMENT IRRESPECTIVE OF THE TITLE OF TRANSFEROR PROVIDED THE TRANSFEREE IS A BONA FIDE HOLDER FOR THE VALUE WITHOUT NOTICE OF ANY DEFECT IN THE TITLE OF THE TRANSFEROR

ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT

•     ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT : MEANING,FEATURES AND PROCESS OF ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT

•     MGMT AND ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOUR

•     BY DR, SHASHI AGGARWAL

•     INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

1.       IS AN IMPORTANT TECHNIQUE OF MANAGING CHANGE. IT SEEKS TO CHANGE BELIEFS,ATTITUDES AND STRUCTURES SO THAT THE ORGANIZATION MAY ADAPT TO TECHNOLOGY AND LIVE WITH PACE OF CHANGE

2.       ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT HAS EMERGED  TO HELP THE PLANNED CHANGE FOR ORGANIZATION EFFECTIVENESS

3.       OD IS MODERN APPROACH TO MANAGE ORGANIZATION CHANGE AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

4.       CONCENTRATES ON PEOPLE DIMENSIONS LIKE NORMS,VALUES,ATTITUDE ,RELATIONSHIP AND ORGANIZATION CLIMATE

MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y

• MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y
  THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

·         ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOUR/MPOB

• MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y

1.     THEORY X AND THEORY Y BASED ON TWO DISTINCT VIEWS OF HUMAN BEINGS

2.     THEORY X DEALS WITH ONE EXTREME BASED ON ONE SET OF ASSUMPTIONS  AND BASED ON TRADITIONAL APPROACH TPOBEHAVIOUR

3.     THEORY Y DEALS WITH ANOTHER EXTREME BASED ON ANOTHER ASSUMPTION

4.     NOT BASED ON ANY RESEARCH

5.     INTUITIVE DEDUCTIONS

SENSTIVITY ANALYSIS

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/PROJECT MANAGEMENT

•     MEANING

1.       USED TO DETERMINE HOW INDEPENDENT VARIABLES VALUE WILL IMPACT A PARTICULAR DEPENDENT VARIABLES UNDER A GIVEN SET OF ASSUMPTIONS

2.       ALSO KNOWN AS WHAT IF ANALYSIS

3.       CAN BE USED FOR ANY ACTIVITY OR SYSTEM

4.       WORKS ON THE SIMPLE PRINCIPLE CHANGE THE MODEL AND OBSERVE THE BEHAVIOUR

5.       IS A TECHNIQUE FOR INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF PROJECT VARIABLES ON THE BASE CASE ( MOST PROBABLE OUTCOME SCENARIO)

RURAL MARKETING STRATEGIES

THEORY OF REVEALED PREFERENCE IN HINDI

RURAL MARKETING STRATEGIES

•     RURAL MARKETING STRATEGIES : BRIEF NOTES

•     BY DR SHASHI AGAGRWAL

•     MARKETING MANAGEMENT

•     INTRODUCTION AND MEANING OF RURAL MARKETING

1.       RURAL INDIA IS TODAY CONSIDERED TO BE AN UNTAPPED MARKET FOR MOST FMCG AND ALSO FOR CONSUMER DURABLE GOODS, MARKETERS INCLUDING MULTINATIONALS HAVE RECOGNIZED THIS POTENTIAL AND HAVE STARTED ENTERING INTO RURAL MARKETS IN A SIGNIFICANT MANNER. NEAR SATURATION IN URBAN AREA HAS ALSO PROMPTED MARKETERS TO LOOK AT RURAL MARKETS.

2.       RURAL MARKETING IS A TWO WAY PROCESS MARKETING PROCESS. THERE IS INFLOW OF PRODUCTS INTO RURAL MARKETS FOR PRODUCTION OR CONSUMPTION AND THERE IS ALSO OUTFLOW OF PRODUCTS TO URBAN AREA.

3.       THE RURAL POPULATION AMOUNT FOR AROUND 627 MILLION WHICH IS 74.3 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION LIVING IN THE RURAL INDIA

4.       THE RURAL MARKET IN INDIAN ECONOMY GENERATE APPROXIMATELY MORE THAN 50% OF THE COUNTRY’S INCOME

ATTITUDE PART 1

REVISION SERIES FOR COMPANY LAW FOR 2019 PART 1

COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 2

COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 2

•     COST AUDIT AND COST AUDIT RULES PART 2
CONTEMPORARY AUDITING

•     DR SHASHI AGAGRWAL

•     MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS RULE 5

1.       EVERY COMPANY UNDER THESE RULES INCLUDING ALL UNITS AND BRANCHES THEREOF SHALL IN RESPECT OF EACH ITS FINANCIAL YEAR STARTING ON OR AFTER THE IST DAY OF APRIL,2014 MAINTAIN COST RECORD IN FORM CRA-1

2.       HAS TO BE MAINTAINED ON REGULAR BASIS SO THAT TO FACILITATE CALCULATION OF PER UNIT OF COST OF PRODUCTION OR COST OF OPERATIONS,COST OF SALES AND MARGIN FOR EACH OF ITS PRODUCTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR EVERY FINANCIAL YEAR ON MONTHLY OR QUARTERLY OR HALF YEARLY OR ANNUAL BASIS.

3.       SHALL BE MAINTAINED IN SUCH MANNER SO AS TO ENABLE THE COMPANY TO EXERCISE AS FAR AS POSSIBLE CONTROL OVER THE VARIOUS OPERATIONS AND COSTS TO ACHIEVE OPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES AND THESE RECORD SHALL PROVIDE NECESSARY DATA WHICH IS REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED UNDER THESE RULES

ATTITUDE PART 1

•    ATTITUDE

•    ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR

•    DR. SHASHI AGGARWAL

•    MEANING

1.       ATTITUDE ARE EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS. EITHER FAVOURABLE OR UNFAVOURABLE.THESE ARE FREQUENTLY USED IN DESCRIBING PEOPLE,OBJECTS AND EVENTS AND EXPLAINING PEOPLE’S BEHAVIOUR.

2.       LIKE SOMEBODY SAYS HER BOSS IS INHUMAN,

3.       GENERAL MANAGER OF XYZ LTD ORGANIZATION SHOWS CONCERN ABOUT THE EMPLOYEES. THESE STATEMENTS ARE EVALUATIVE OF EITHER FAVOURABLE OR UNFAVOURABLE OR GOOD OR BAD OF PEOPLE,OBJECT OR EVENT.

PRODUCERS EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE HELP OF ISOQUANT CURVES

PRODUCER’S EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE HELP OF ISO QUANT CURVES

•     PRODUCER’S EQUILIBRIUM
WITH THE HELP OF ISO QUANT CURVES

•     BUSINESS ECONOMICS/MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS/MICRO

•     DR SHASHI AGGARWAL

•     ISO COST LINE

•     INDICATES THE DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF TWO FACTORS WHICH THE PRODUCER CAN PRODUCE AT A GIVEN FACTOR PRICE  WITH A GIVEN OUTLAY

•     LOCUS OF ALL THE COMBINATIONS OF TWO ( OR MORE INPUTS WHICH THE PRODUCERS CAN BUY USING HIS FIXED OUTLAY AT FIXED INPUT PRICES.

•     ISO COST LINE IS ALSO KNOWN AS FACTOR PRICE LINE OR OUTLAY LINE OR FIRM’S BUDGET CONTROL LINE