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INTRODUCTION AND MEANING
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TRACED BACK TO THE EARLY STAGES OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION
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AN ORGANIZATION IS BORN WHEN PEOPLE BEGAN TO COOPERATE AND COMBINE TOGETHER
FOR FULFILLING THEIR REQUIREMENT.
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ORGANIZATION FULFILL A GREATER VARIETY OF OUR SOCIETAL AND PERSONAL NEEDS
AND AFFECT OUR LIVES
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MODERN SOCIETY ALSO REQUIRE REGULATING AND SUPERVISING ORGANIZATION
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MEANING AND DEFINITION OF THE ORGANISATION
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TALCOT PARSONS,” ORGANIZATION AS A SOCIAL UNIT WHICH IS DELIBRATEY
CONSTRUCTED AND RECONSTRUCTED TO SEEK SPECIFIC GOALS.
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ETZOINI,THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ORGANISATION:-
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DIVISION OF LABOUR
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PRESENCE OF ONE OR MORE POWER
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SUBSTITUTION OF PERSONNEL
W.R SCOTT,” ORGANIZATIONS ARE DEFINED AS
COLLECTIVES—THAT HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED FOR THE PURSUIT OF RELATIVELY SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES ON A MORE OR LESS CONTINUOUS BASIS.
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MEANING AND DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATION
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BARNARD VIEWS AN ORGANIZATION AS A SYSTEM OF CONSCIOUSLY CORDINATED
ACTIVITIES OR FORCES OF TWO OR MORE PERSONS. AN ORGANIZATION COMES INTO
EXISTENCE WHEN THERE ARE A NUMBER OF PERSONS IN COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIP
TO EACH OTHER AND WILLING TO CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS TO EACH OTHER AND ARE WILLING
TO CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS A COMMON ENDEAVOUR.
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ORGANIZATION HAS THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERSTICS:-
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COMMUNICATION
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COOPERATIVE EFFORTS
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COMMON OBJECTIVES
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RULES AND REGULATIONS
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STRUCTURE OF RELATIONSHIPS
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TRADITIONAL WRITERS VIEWED ORGANIZATION IN A VERY NARROW SENSE BY DEFINING
IT AS FRAMEWORK OF DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES THROUGH WHICH AN UNDERTAKING
FUNCTIONS.
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SIMILAR TERMS SUCH AS INSTITUTIONS, BURECRACY, FORMAL ORGANIZATION AND
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION.
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ORGANIZATION AS SYSTEM
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SYSTEM APPROACH RECOGNIZES THAT ORGANIZATION ARE MADE UP OF COMPONENTS( OR
SUBSYSTEM) EACH OF WHICH HAS UNIQUE PROPERTIES,CAPABILITIES AND MUTUAL
RELATIONSHIP
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BASIC STRESS ON SYNERGISM AND SYSTEM IDEAS ARE INTERACTION AND
INTERDEPENDENCY
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CLELAND AND KING,” A SYSTEM IS COMPOSED OF RELATED AND DEPENDENT ELEMENTS
WHICH, WHEN IN INTERACTION,FORM A UNITARY WHOLE. IT IS SIMPLY AN ASSEMBLAGE OR
COMBINATION OF THINGS OR PARTS
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SYSTEM
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MAY BE OPEN OR CLOSED.
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OPEN SYSTEM HAS FOLLOWING CHARACTERSITICS
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INPUTS
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TRANSFORMATION OR THROUGHPUT
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OUTPUT
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ENVIRONMENT
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NATURE OF ORGANIZATION : ORGANIZATION AS A PROCESS AND ORGANIZATION AS
STRUCTURE
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ORGANIZATION AS PROCESS:- OF DEFINING,ARRANGING AND GROUPING THE ACTIVITIES
OF AN ENTERPRISE AND ESTABLISH THE RELATIONSHIP OF AUTHORITY. PROVIDES THE
FRAMEWORK. IT IS EXECUTIVE FUNCTION. IT BECOMES MANAGERIAL FUNCTION INVOLVING
THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES:-
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DETERMINING THE ACTIVITIES NECESSARY FOR THE ACHIEVMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES
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DIVISON OF WORK
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GROUPING OF INTER RELATED ACTIVITIES
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ASSIGNING DUTIES TO PERSON WITH REQUISITE SKILLS
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DELEGATING AUTHORITY
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COORDINATING THE EFFORTS
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ORGANIZATION AS PROCESS
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CONTINUOUS PROCESS AND WHENEVER THERE IS CHANGE NEW TYPES OF ACTIVITIES COME
UP
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CONSTANT REVIEWAL
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CONSCCIOUS RATIONALITY
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ALSO REPRESNET HUMANISTIC VIEW
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ORGANIZATION AS A STRUCTURE( FRAMEWORK OF RELATIONSHIP)
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NETWORK OF INTERNAL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY RELATIONSHIP
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SYSTEMATIC COMBINATION OF PEOPLE,FUNCTIONS AND PHYSICAL FACILITIES
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FORMAL STRUCTURE WITH DEFINITE AUTHORITY AND CLEAR RESPONSIBILITY
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DECIDE ABOUT CHANNEL OF COMMUNICATION AND FLOW OF AUTHORITY
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PETER F DRUCKER SUGGESTED FOLLOWING THREE TYPES OF ANALYSIS:-
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ACTIVITIES ANALYSIS
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DECISION ANALYSIS
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RELATION ANALYSIS
• ORGANIZATION AS A STRUCTURE( FRAMEWORK OF
RELATIONSHIP)
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A HIERARCHY HAS TO BE BUILT. ORGANIZATION CHART ARE PREPARED
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BOTH FORMALAND INFORMAL ORGANISATION
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FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION
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GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS
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ORGANIZATION AS PROCESS
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MEANS NOT AN END
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IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF MANAGEMENT
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COMMON OBJECTIVES
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COMMUNICATION IS THE LIFEOF OF THE ORGANIZATION
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DIVISON OF LABOUR
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INTEGRATION
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